INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: BANKS’ RISK AS THE MEDIATING VARIABLE
:
https://doi.org/10.9744/jmk.22.1.21-32Keywords:
Non-performing loans, loan to deposit ratio, net interest margin, operating expense ratio, return on asset.Abstract
This study seeks to investigate the impact of intellectual capital on banks’ financial performance with banks’ risks as the intervening variable. By using the purposive sampling technique, we selected 30 sample firms from publicly listed Indonesian banks in 2015–2017. This study generated the research data from banks’ financial statements in those years. We then analyzed our data by using the Partial Least Square. The results demonstrate that banks’ risks do not mediate the relationship between intellectual capital and banks’ financial performance. Meanwhile, intellectual capital negatively affects operational risk and market risk. In addition, credit risk negatively affects banks’ financial performance, and liquidity risk negatively affects banks’ financial performance. Lastly, intellectual capital does not affect banks’ financial performance.
References
Agustiningrum, R. (2013). Analisis pengaruh car, npl, dan ldr terhadap profitabilitas pada perusahaan perbankan. E-Jurnal Program Studi Manajemen, 2(8), 885–890.
Alifah, Y. B. (2014). Pengaruh car, npl, bopo dan ldr pada perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2009–2012. Unpublished thesis, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.
Andriana, D. (2014). Pengaruh intellectual capital terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 2(1), 251–260. https: //doi.org/10.17509/jrak.v2i1.6578
Aprilina, V. (2013). Pengaruh modal intelektual terhadap kinerja keuangan perbankan di Indonesia. JRAK, 4(2), 14–30.
Attar, D., Islahuddin, & Shabri, M. (2014). Pengaruh penerapan manajemen risiko terhadap kinerja keuangan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi, 3(1), 10–20.
Ayuningrum, A. P. (2011). Anayisis pengaruh car, npl, bopo, nim dan ldr terhadap roa. Unpublished Thesis, Universitas Diponegoro.
Brunold, J., & Durst S. (2012). Intellectual capital risks and job rotation. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 13(2), 178–195. https://doi.org/10.1108/1469193 1211225021
Capriani, N. W. W., & Dana, I. M. (2016). Pengaruh risiko kredit risiko operasional dan risiko likuiditas terhadap profitabilitas BPR di kota Denpasar. E-Journal Manajemen, 5(3), 1486–1512.
Dendawijaya, L. (2009). Manajemen Perbankan. Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia.
Dewi, L, E., Herawati N. T., & Sulindawati, N. L. G. E (2015). Analisis pengaruh nim, bopo, ldr dan npl terhadap profitabilitas (Studi kasus pada bank swasta nasional yang terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2009–2013). Journal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Akuntansi Undiksha, 3(1), 1–11.
Dewi, P. A. R., Sedana, I. B. P., & Artini, L. G. S. (2016). Pengaruh tingkat suku bunga, risiko pasar, debt.to.equity ratio dan price.earning ratio.terhadap return.saham pada perusahaan properti dan.real estate di Bursa Efek Indonesia. E-Journal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Udayana, 5(3), 489–516.
Elfiswandi, Pratiwi, H., & Melmusi Z. (2019). The influence of intellectual capital on financial performance: A study on banking companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 8(2), 300–311.
Faza, M. F., & Hidayah E. (2014). Pengaruh intellectual capital terhadap profitabilitas, produk-tivitas, dan nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, 8(2), 186–199.
Gama, A. W. S., & Mitariani N. W. E. (2014). Modal intelektual terhadap efisiensi dan kinerja pasar perbankan di Indonesia. Finance and Banking Journal, 16(1), 77–86.
Ghozali, I. (2011). Aplikasi analisis Multivariate dengan program SPSS. Semarang: Badan Pener-bit Universitas Diponegoro.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling. 2nd Ed. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage.
Hariemufti, Y., Kristanti, F. T., & Mahardika, D. P. K. (2016). Analisis pengaruh risiko kredit, risiko likuiditas, dan permodalan terhadap profitabilitas perbankan, E-Proceeding of Management, 3(2), 1634–1640.
Harun, U. (2016). Pengaruh rasio-rasio keuangan car, ldr, nim, bopo, npl terhadap roa. Jurnal Riset Bisnis dan Manajemen, 4(1), 67–82.
Haryati R., & Widyarti E. T. (2016). Pengaruh leverage, size, npl, bopo dan ldr terhadap kinerja keuangan bank (Studi pada bank umum konven-sional yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2010–2014. Diponegoro Journal of Management,5(3), 1–13.
Herdyanto, I., & Nasir M. (2013). Pengaruh intellectual capital pada financial performance perusahaan. Diponegoro Journal of Accounting, 2(3), 1–10.
Iqbal, A. (2012). Liquidity risk management: A comparative study between conventional and Islamic banks of Pakistan. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 12(5), 55–64
Joshi, M., Cahill, D., Sidhu, J., & Kansal, M. (2013). Intellectual capital and financial performance: An evaluation of the Australian financial sector. Journal of Intel¬lectual Capital, 14(2), 264 –285. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14 691931311323887
Jumingan. (2014). Analisis laporan keuangan. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Kansil, D., Murni S., & Tulung J. E. (2017). Pengaruh resiko perbankan terhadap kinerja keuangan tahun 2013–2015 (Bank Pembangunan Daerah se-Indonesia). Jurnal Emba, 5(3), 3508–3517.
Kuspinta, T. D., & Husaini A. (2018). Pengaruh intellectual capital terhadap profitabilitas perusahaan. Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis, 56(1), 164–170.
Mismiwati. (2016). Pengaruh car, nim, bopo, ldr dan npl terhadap roa. I-Fi¬nance: A Research Journal on Islamic Finance, 2(1), 55–74.
Mondal, A., & Ghosh, S. K. (2012). Intellectual capital and financial performance of Indian banks. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 13(4), 515–530. Ht tps://doi.org/10.1108/146919312112 76115
Mustofa, M. I., & Haryanto, A. M. (2014). Analisis pengaruh risiko, tingkat efisiensi, dan good corpo-rate governance terhadap kinerja keuangan perbankan (Pendekatan beberapa komponen metode risk based bank rating SEBI 13/24/dpnp/ 2011). Jurnal Studi Manajemen & Organisasi, 11 (2), 126–142. https://doi.org/10.14710/jsmo. v 11i2. 13168
Natalia, P. (2015). Analisis pengaruh risiko kredit, risiko pasar, efisiensi operasi, modal, dan likuiditas terhadap kinerja keuangan perbankan. Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, dan Perbankan, 1(2), 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35384/jemp.v1i 2.37
Nijhawan, I. P., & Taylor, U. (2005). Predicting a Bank’s Failure: A case study of a minority bank. Journal of the In¬ter¬national Academy for Case Stu¬dies, 11 (3), 55–60.
Nurhayati, S. (2017). Analisa pengaruh intellectual capital terhadap kinerja pasar dan kinerja keuangan pada perusahaan LQ45 yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode tahun 2010–2013. Jurnal Akuntansi Riset, 9(1), 133–172 https://doi.org/10.17509/jaset.v9i1.5260
Pandia, F. (2012). Manajemen dana dan kesehatan bank. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Pinasti, W. F., & Mustikawati, R. R. I. (2018). Pengaruh car, bopo, npl, nim dan ldr terhadap profitabilitas bank umum periode 2011–2015. Jurnal Nominal,7(1), 126–142. https://doi.or g/10.21831/nominal.v7 i1.19365
Prahesti, D. S., & Abundanti, N. (2015). Pengaruh risiko kredit, struktur kepemilikan dan dewan komisaris independen terhadap kinerja keuangan pada industri perbankan di Bursa Efek Indonesia. E-jurnal Manajemen, 4(2), 457–481.
Pratiwi, N. (2014). Pengaruh risiko usaha terhadap skor kesehatan bank umum go public di Indonesia, Journal of Business and Banking, 4(2), 201–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.14414/jbb.v4i2.372
Pulic, A. (2000). Mva and vaic analysis of randomly selected companies from FTSE 250. Austria: Austrian Intellectual Capital Research Center.
Purnomo, E., Sriwidodo, U., & Wibowo, E. (2018). Pengaruh rasio keuangan terhadap kinerja keuangan pada bank umum swasta nasional devisa yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2013–2015. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kewirausaha-an, 18(3), 189–198.
Putriani, F. D. (2010). Pengaruh struktur kepemilikan, tingkat keuntungan, risiko perusahaan terhadap kinerja intellectual capital. Unpublished Thesis. Universitas Diponegoro.
Rachmawati, D. A. D. (2012). Pengaruh intellectual capital terhadap return on asset (roa) perbankan. Jurnal Akuntansi, 1(5), 35–37.
Riyadi, S. (2006). Banking assets and liability management. Edisi Ketiga. Jakarta: Lembaga Penerbitan Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia.
Robiyanto, R. (2017). Performance evaluation and risk aversion rate for several stock indices in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Jurnal Manajemen dan Ke¬wirausahaan, 19(1), 60–64.
Rustiarini, N. W., & Gama. A. W. S (2012). Modal intelektual dan kinerja perusahaan: Strategi menghadapi ASEAN Economic Community. Presented in Seminar Nasional Unisbank.
Sawarjuwono, T., & Kadir. A. P. (2003). Intellectual capital: Perlakuan, pengukuran, dan pelaporan. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 5(1), 35–57. https://doi.org/10.9744/jak.5.1.pp.%2035-57
Sholihin, M. & Ratmono. D. (2013). Analisis sempls dengan warp pls 3.0 untuk hubungan nonlinier dalam penelitian sosial dan bisnis. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi.
Silaban, S. T. P. (2018). Risk profile, good corporate governance, dan financial performance. Unpublished Thesis. Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana.
Simarmata, R., & Subowo. (2016). Pengaruh intellectul capital terhadap kinerja keuangan dan nilai perusahaan perbankan Indonesia. Accounting Analysis Journal, 5(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10. 15294/aaj.v5i1.9748.
Stulz, R. M. (2013). How companies can use hedging to create shareholder value. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 25(4), 21–29. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/jacf.1203 8.
____ (2015). Risk-taking and risk management by banks. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 27(1), 8–18. https ://doi.org/10. 1111/jacf.12099
Subagyo & Lahagu S. H. (2013). Value added intellectual capital (Vahu, vaca, stva) pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja keuangan bank pemerintah periode 2007–2011. Jurnal Akuntansi, 13(1), 833–862.
Sudirman, I. W. (2013). Manajemen perbankan menuju bankir kovensional yang profesional. Edisi Pertama. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Sugiyono. (2013). Metode penelitian kombinasi (Mixed Methods). Bandung: Alfabeta.
Taswan. (2015). Akuntansi perbankan: Transaksi dalam valuta Rupiah. Edisi III Cetakan 4. Yogyakarta: STIM YPKN.
Thaib, F. (2013). Value added intellectual capital (Vahu, vaca, stva) pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja keuangan bank pemerintah periode 2007–2011. Jurnal Emba, 1(3), 151–159.
Van der Meer-Kooistra, J., & Zijstra S. M. (2001). Reporting on intellectual capital. Accounting, Auditing, & Accountability Journal, 14(4), 456–476. https://doi.org/10.1108/095135 70110403461
Wahdikorin, A. (2010). Pengaruh modal in¬telektual terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Unpublished Thesis. Universitas Diponegoro.
Yalama, A. (2013). The relationship between intellectual capital and banking performance in Turkey: Evidence from panel data. International Jour¬nal of Learning and Intellectual Capital, 10(1), 71–87. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLIC. 2013.052079.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish on this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).